8. METHODS OF INSPECTION OF CULVERTS

Abstract

Abstract: In the article, an important aspect of train safety is the satisfactory condition of all railway infrastructure facilities and, in particular, small culverts. One of the factors adversely affecting the reliability of the railway trackbed is the humidity of the roadbed, which depends on the operability of drainage devices and culverts.

Keywords: railways, digital terrain model, pipe walls, artificial structures.

МЕТОДИКА ОБСЛЕДОВАНИЯ ВОДОПРОПУСКНЫХ СООРУЖЕНИЙ

Мирханова Мавжуда Михайиловна

Ташкентский государственный университет транспорта, старший преподаватель.

Умаралиев Шохжахон Мухаммадрузи угли

Ташкентский государственный университет транспорта, ассистент.

Ембергенов Авезмурат Бекмуратович

Ташкентский государственный университет транспорта, ассистент.

Абдуалиев Элёрбек Бегалиевич

Ташкентский государственный университет транспорта, доктарант.

Аннотация: В статье важным аспектом безопасности движения поездов является удовлетворительное состояние всех объектов инфраструктуры железнодорожного пути и в частности малых водопропускных сооружений. Одним из факторов, неблагоприятно воздействующих на надежность земляного полотна железнодорожного пути, являются влажность земляного полотна, зависящая от работоспособности дренажных устройств и водопропускных сооружений.

Ключевые слова: железных дорог, цифровая модель местности, стенки трубы, искусственные сооружения.

Introduction. The most common culvert is pipes of various designs (stone, concrete, synthetic materials and corrugated metal) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. Their number is 70% of the total number of culverts. Currently, stone pipes built at the beginning of the last century are functioning. A large number of deformations of the ballast and sub-ballast zones occur precisely in those places where artificial structures are located. To identify the causes of deformations , it is necessary to carry out a detailed diagnosis of the condition of the structural elements of the railway track by a complex of modern geophysical methods. In this paper, a complex is proposed, based on the georadiolocation method and includes the following measurements:

• georadiolocation for delineating the places of subsidence of the ballast layer of the railway track;
• georadiolocation for examination of soils adjacent to the arches and walls of the pipe, and delineation of areas with a violation of uniformity for further research;
• drilling of culvert walls in the area of violation of uniformity of soils adjacent to the walls;
• endoscopy of the pipe wall structure along the drilled well;
• determination of the degree of soil compaction by static penetration;
• sampling of soil for laboratory tests.

Processing of the obtained measurement results can allow to develop anti-deformation measures stabilizing the path. For practical testing of the proposed methodology, a two-track section of 3409 km was selected PK 6 of the Railway with existing deformations over the culvert.

In accordance with the first point of the proposed methodology, a georadar survey was performed along the roadsides, axes and inter-track. Shielded antenna blocks with center frequencies of 1200 MHz and 400 MHz were used. According to the georadiolocation data , the value is determined drawdowns and its contouring was carried out. Fig.1 shows a radarogram obtained from the inter-path using an antenna unit with a frequency of 1200 MHz. Vertical line the axis of the culvert is marked. Subsidence of the ballast layer exceeding 0.25 m is visible.

Fig. 1. Vertical line the axis of the culvert is marked.

Since the main drawdown area is located to the left of the pipe axis, only the left wall is subjected to further examination. Its georadiolocation survey was performed with using 1200 MHz and 400 MHz antenna blocks, the results of which determined the area of adjacent soil with maximum heterogeneity (Fig. 2).

Fig. 2. Only the left wall of the pipe was examined.

Drilling and endoscopy of the pipe wall were carried out in this area. The endoscopy results are shown in Fig. 3. The arrows mark the destruction zones of the external masonry (lining) of the pipe. Next, the well is used to determine the degree of compaction of the soil. The compaction coefficient was 0.95-0.98 depending on the sampling depth, what corresponds to the normative values for railway lines of the first category [11,12]. The analysis of the selected soil samples made it possible to determine its basic physical and mechanical properties: the type of soil, its moisture e (natural, at the boundary of fluidity and rolling), the number of plasticity, the yield index.

Fig. 3. The arrows mark the destruction zones of the external masonry (lining) of the pipe.

Conclusion. As a result of the measurements, the following deviations from the normal values of the design parameters were established: the destruction of the external masonry of the pipe and increased soil moisture in the area adjacent to the left wall of the pipe. An action to restore this defect may be the injection of cement, silicate or polymer solutions into the destroyed part of the pipe in order to fill the voids and prevent further destruction, as well as measures to drain the roadbed.

Literatura

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