8.31 CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

Rasuli Farida Orifovna Samarkand State Medical University Assistant at the Department of Internal Medicine No. 4

Авторы

Rasuli Farida Orifovna Samarkand State Medical University Assistant at the Department of Internal Medicine No. 4

Аннотация

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common heart rhythm disorders. The prevalence of atrial fibrillation increases significantly with age: from 1.5% at ages 50 to 59 years to 23.5% at ages 80 to 89 years. Atrial fibrillation is associated with a high risk of thromboembolic complications, which are a leading cause of disability and mortality in patients [12].

The annual incidence of cardioembolic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation not taking anticoagulants is 3.3–4.5% [3, 4].

The risk of death from stroke due to atrial fibrillation is twice as high as other strokes, and the cost of treating such strokes is 1.5 times higher [5]. Up to 50% of patients with acute stroke may die within 1 year of stroke [6].

Prevention of thromboembolic complications is especially important in this population, as the likelihood of stroke increases more than 10-fold in people who have previously had a stroke or transient ischemic attack [7].

In most cases, patients who underwent thrombectomy for embolism had a history of high risk of thromboembolic complications.

However, outpatient antithrombotic therapy is usually provided in less than 30% of cases [9]. In most cases, thromboembolic complications can be prevented by appropriate antithrombotic therapy, which is one of the main components of AF treatment [10].

Appropriate hypocoagulation clearly reduces all-cause mortality in patients with arrhythmia [4]. In modern medicine, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are often used to prevent cardiogenic thromboembolic complications. The number of patients receiving treatment increases every year. This is due, first of all, to the many advantages of DOACs over indirect anticoagulants: predictability of action, no need for laboratory monitoring, no dietary exposure, no interaction with other drugs [11].

However, the availability of a wide range of DOACs and the possibility of individualized treatment pose the task of choosing the most appropriate drug for doctors [12].

Experience gained in real clinical settings will provide tools for further evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulants and will help clinicians in prescribing individual antithrombotic therapy.

Keywords: Oral anticoagulants, atrial fibrillation, antithrombotic therapy.

Purpose of the study:To analyze the effectiveness and safety of DOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation in real clinical conditions.

Materials and methods:A non-interventional prospective and partially retrospective study was conducted in 356 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation who were prescribed DOACs. The average age of the patients was 66.4±6.4 years.

Participation criteria: Age 50-75 years. Creatinine clearance is 50 ml/min or more. At the time of the study, no additional antiplatelet therapy was administered. Exclusion criteria: Communication limitations due to cognitive impairment.